STUDIES ON THE DIVERSITY OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SPOT SYMPTOMS ONSELECTED CULTIVATED AND UNCULTIVATED PLANTS IN SAMARU, NIGERIA.

STUDIES ON THE DIVERSITY OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SPOT SYMPTOMS ONSELECTED CULTIVATED AND UNCULTIVATED PLANTS IN SAMARU, NIGERIA.

Abstract:

Spot disease is a descriptive term applied to a number of diseases affecting different parts of plants. Fungi associated with spot symptoms on cultivated plants (VignaunguiculataL Walp, and Telfairiaoccidentalis) and uncultivated plants (Chlorophytum blepherophyllum, Spigelia anthelmia, Ipomoea nil, Trianthema portulacastrum, Senna singuena, Combretum molle, Porphyrostemma chevalieri and Clematis hirsute) were studied. Fungi were isolated by tissue plating and sticking method on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Fungi isolated from cultivated plants include:Macrophomina sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium sp., Septoria sp., Cladosporium sp., Bispora sp.Mycogone sp., Curvularia sp. and Gleosporium sp. Fungi isolated from spot symptoms on uncultivated plants include: Macrophoma sp., Trichoderma sp., Nigrospora aerophila,Choanephora sp., Monocheatia sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium equisetum,Alternaria sp., Macrophomina sp. and Helicosporium sp.The percentage occurrence of fungi isolated from cultivated plants shows that Rhizoctonia sp.have the highest followed by Sclerotium sp.and Cladosporium sp.Percentage occurrence of fungi isolated from uncultivated plants was determined with Nigrospora aerophila having the highest followed by Rhizoctonia solani.Principal Component Analysis was used to determine the ecological and epidemiological relationship between fungal isolates, cultivated and uncultivated plants, which enhances understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of fungi inducing spot disease. Invivopathogenecity test of fungi isolates on cowpea shows no symptoms. Invitropathogenecity test using leaf disk method was carried out on uncultivated plants. Symptoms similar to those observed in the field were obtained.

STUDIES ON THE DIVERSITY OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SPOT SYMPTOMS ONSELECTED CULTIVATED AND UNCULTIVATED PLANTS IN SAMARU, NIGERIA.