EVALUATION OF PREGELATINISED STARCH AND MALIODEXTRIN DERIVED FROM SWEET POTATO IPOMEA BATATAS IN TABLETS

EVALUATION OF PREGELATINISED STARCH AND MALIODEXTRIN DERIVED FROM SWEET POTATO IPOMEA BATATAS IN TABLETS

Abstract:

The starch contained in potato Ipomea batatas was extracted by milling, suspending in water, centrifugal ion, reaction with sodium bisulphate, washing and drying. The starch complied with the B.P (1988) identification test. It was modified into pregelatiniscd starch (PGS) by drying the mucilage to form a dry powder, part of which was mixed with dilute nitric acid, subjected to prolonged heart and dried to give maltodextrin (MI)X). The modified products were characterized using the following parameters; How rate, angle of repose, bulk densities, Carr’s index and moisture content. The suitability of the modified products as various functional excipients in wet and dry granulated tablets formulation were evaluated. Direct Compression of pure and various binary mixtures as sole excipients were carried out. The high dose 50()mg per tablet contains sulphamcthoxazolc, a non -self compressible drug, while the low dose requiring maximal sole excipients as diluent contained in 5mg folic acid, thereby constituting only 6.6% w/w. While a Pelletizing machine was used to compact excipients and active ingredients to slugs that were comminuted into granules through the sieve to form granules, the eccentric tablet press/machine was used to compact the granules into tablets, the properties of the tablets evaluated included weight uniformity, thickness, hardness, friability, packing fraction, compact density, tensile strength and disintegration time. Apart from thickness and friability, which were inversely related, the other parameters were directly related to the compression pressure. The results are traceable to densification of compacts. In direct compression, Avicel® and maltodextrin produce more coherent tablets thereby showing a high level of binding action than pregelatiniscd starch which exhibited higher disintegranl properties. Thus, a binary mixed powder depending on the proportion enhanced better bioavailable properties with AVL/PGS and MDX/I’GS binary mixtures, for those tablets which bioavailibility arc governed by the rate at which the tablets disintegrate. Paradoxically the highest sole dry binder excipients containing 30% compared with 20% and 10% of the modified products and Avicel® in sulphamcthoxazolc tablets produced the solles tablets. This could be attributed to higher content of fines. The thickness was in the following order; MDX/AVL® < AVL®/ PGS < MDX/PGS. The more plastically compressible a compact the thinner is the compact.

EVALUATION OF PREGELATINISED STARCH AND MALIODEXTRIN DERIVED FROM SWEET POTATO IPOMEA BATATAS IN TABLETS