THE EXTRACTION OF MANGANESE (IV) ION FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA USING 1-PHETHYL-3-METHYL PYRAZOLONE-5

THE EXTRACTION OF MANGANESE (IV) ION FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA USING 1-PHETHYL-3-METHYL PYRAZOLONE-5

Extraction of manganese (iv) ion from aqueous media using 1-phenyl-3-methyl pyrazolone-5  has been studied. The 0.0lM of 1-phenyl-3-methyl pyrazolone-5 was prepared by dissolving 1.74g in 100ml (40ml butanol and 60ml chloroform) 2ml aqueous phase of different acid concentrations 1M to 6M where prepared with HCl, HN03, H2S04, respectively. Extraction process involved the mixture of 2Ml organic phase and aqueous phase respectively, shaken for 40mins and allowed to settle. The raffinate was taken for analysis using spectrophotometer. The result showed that extraction of Mn4+ ion varies from 1.51% to 22.66% at different acid concentration. There was extraction at 1M to 6M of HCl when gave 4.51%, 4.41%, 4.47%, 4.22%, 3.48% and 3.79%. There was extraction at 1m to 6M of H2S04 which gave, 2.83%, 1.47%, 2.32%, 1.87%, 1.51% and 1.12%, and there was also extraction at HN03 which also gave, 4.68%, 4.22%, 4.45%, 3.20%, 22.66% and 2.50%.…

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Statement Of Problem
1.2 Objective/Aim
1.3 Significance Of Study
1.4 Scope Of The Work

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Metal ions in Aqueous Solution
2.2 Manganese (iv) Ion

2.2.1 General Characteristics
2.4 1-Phenyl-3-Methyl Pyrazolone-5
2.5 Distribution Ratio (D)
2.6 The Efficiency Of Extraction

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and Method
3.1 Sourcing Of Materials And Apparatus
3.2 Materials and Apparatus
3.3 Preparations of 0.0lm 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl Pyrazolone-5
3.4 Preparation of Stock Acid Solutions
3.5 Preparations of 100ppm Of Mn +4
3.6 Preparation of 2ml Aqueous Phases
3.7 Extraction Procedure
3.8 Sample Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Results and Discussion
4.1 Results
4.2 Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusion And Recommendations
5.1 Conclusion

5.2 Recommendations
References
Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The term ion extraction refers to the process of extracting
one or several ions from a liquid phase, usually an aqueous
phase, to another phase that can be either solid or liquid. The
general aim is to separate ions from a native solution or to
concentrate ions in order to handle smaller volumes. When
different types of ions need to be revered from their mixture,
ie. Performing a selective extraction of each ion, the term “ion
extraction” is used [1] .
A metal ion is aqueous solution (aqua ion) is cation,
dissolves in water, of chemical formula [M(H 2 O)n] z+ . The
solvation number n, determined by variety of experimental
method is 4 for Li + and Be 2+ and 6 for elements in periods 3 and
4 of the periodic table. Lanthanide and actinide aqua ions have
solvation number of 8 and 9. The strength of the bonds
between the metal ion and water molecules I the primary
solvation shell increases with the electrical charge Z, on the
metal ion and decreases as its radius, r, increases [2] .
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol (Mn)
atomic number 25, atomic weight 54.938044, meeting point
1519k (1246 0 C or 2275 O F), density 7.3 grams per cubic centimeter, period number 4, group number 7. It is not found
in as a free element in nature, it is often found in minerals in
combination with iron [3] .
Pyrazoline, a five member ring, is a derivative of pyrazole
that has an additional keto group, it has a molecular formula of
C 3 H 4 N 2 O [4] .

1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
– These ions interfere with each other in some analytical
process, which make it very necessary for these ions to be
separated in a mixture before analysis [5] .
– Some industrial effluents have high concentration of Mn,
which are essential with versatile applications. Thus there
is need to recover these metals from the effluent and
reduce their concentration to permissible limits before
discharge to the environment because manganese is toxic
when too high concentration are present in a human body
and can cause Parkinson, lung embolism and bronchitis,
when men and exposed to manganese for a longer period
of time they may become important.

1.2 OBJECTIVE/AIM
The objective of this present work is to study the
extraction characteristic of manganese from aqueous media
using phenyl-3-methly pyrazoline-5.
– To separate ions from a native solution to concentration
ions in order to handle smaller volumes.
– Identification of the hazardous effects of manganese.
– Identification of the industrial of the industrial uses of
manganese.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Study will provide possible condition for the separation of
the mixture of the ions during analysis.
– Result may provide ways of recovery the metals from
their effluents.
– Study result will provide treatment methods for the
effluents containing this metal.
– This study results will provide literature for further
studies.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE WORK
Extracting manganese +4 from aqueous media using 3-
methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone using atomic absorption
spectrometer.
To separate ion from a native solution or to concentration ions,
in order to handle smaller volume.
Identification of the hazardous effects of manganese.

THE EXTRACTION OF MANGANESE (IV) ION FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA USING 1-PHETHYL-3-METHYL PYRAZOLONE-5