Bacteriological Examination Of Idodo River

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of contents
List of tables

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION OF BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF IDODO RIVERS
1.1 Background information
1.2 Aim and objectives of the study
1.3 Statement of problem
1.4 Hypothesis
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Limitation of the study

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW OF BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF IDODO RIVERS
2.1 Microbial examination of contaminated water
2.2 Sources of river contamination
2.3 Standard uses of river

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD OF BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF IDODO RIVERS
3.1 Materials
3.2 Sample collection
3.3 Analysis of sample collected sample inoculation and growth

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF IDODO RIVERS
4.1 Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION OF BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF IDODO RIVERS
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
References
Questionnaires

DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

DISCUSSION
MACCONKEY AGAR
There was growth on the petridishes used organisms isolated include streptococci faecalis, clostridium perfringens, Bifidbacteria, Rhodoceccus corphilus. The entire edgest of petridish roe colour and colonial diameter of 2.oomm. pale colonies after overnight incubation aerobically growth at 37oc but later acquired some trace of rose-pink coloration after about 36hours incubation. There were late fermenters. Also from this mix emanated some repulsive offensive odour. MICROSCOPY: Gram-vc rods (late feruenter0
Motility: ve
Nutrient agar:
From this media, the organisms was plated on it and incubated for 24 hours after which there was some growth. The growth ona plate agar medium aerobically ruled out the presence of Neisseriae mening itidis streptococci faccalis clostriadium perfringens, diplococens.
Microcopy: Gram tvc
Motility: ve
Gram staining:
The gram staining divides the bacteria into two groups. Gram positive and Gram negative (G-e) pale colourless colonies which had the same result as the late fermenting colony above as regard reaction but motile. Microscopy showed was in the late fermenting colony.
From motility tests: the organisms were suspected to be salmonella and saigella group, the rose pink colony was tested and confirmed E. cool
Culture from B bottle: thes ample was treated as done for other sample ‘A’ on Nutrient agar and Maclonkey agar plates there were colonies which after analysis proved to be E. coli, streptococci faecalis, clostridium perfringens, Diplococcus.
BIOCHEMICAL TEST: Subcultured on a, fresh maclonkey plates and incubated overnight microscopic examination showed that the organisms were lactose fermenters. Also from this culture emanated some repulsive offensive odour. The organisms were suspected to be streptococcus faecalis motility. No motile.

CONCLUSION

This exercise shows that river has a lot of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Many of which are greater than others in number. This is why effort should be made to avoid contamination or be affected by this pathogenic organisms. It also shows that various microbes (bacteria) have different degree of affinity for different substrates e.g. the greater number shown by streptococci faecalkis salmonella spp and chostridium perfringens. These bacteria are obtained from the area where activities are going on. It shows that these organisms thrive best under this environment which favours its survival. The pathogenic organism appear most in the afternoon.

RECOMMENDATION

As far as this river is using for human consumption, appropriate law should be made by the community that are making use of this river or by government to stop people from stooling, washing inside the river, law should also be made to set operational standards for industrial waste into the river. These laws should be made to free the river from pathogenic organisms that affects the consumers. These laws should also encouraged in order to promote optimal health now and in future. The afternoon collection shows greater pathogenic organisms. Therefore the people living the area are advised to as there mostly in the morning to fetch water for their domestic uses.

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